High quality trials in primary and community care are important – 90% of patient contact with the NHS happens in primary care and over the past few years the structure, organisation and workforce in primary care have all changed dramatically. The PCTU has both breadth and depth in expertise supporting trials in primary and community care in this changing environment. These trials almost always involve complex behavioural interventions. The settings and focus of currently supported trials vary. Current examples include: community pharmacy (STOP – smoking cessation), primary care and community services for patients with multi-morbidity (TANDEM – COPD with co-morbid anxiety or depression), and tackling the health consequences associated with deprivation (SWAP – peer support for weight management in deprived communities). All our trials in primary and community care address significant, major health problems for the NHS and the UK.