Professor Elke Schwarz, BBA (Belmont University, USA), MA (KCL), PhD (LSE)

Professor of Political Theory
Email: e.schwarz@qmul.ac.uk
Room Number: Arts One, 2.06A
Twitter: @elkeschwarz
Office Hours: Mondays 11-12; Tuesdays 10-11 (online)
Profile
Elke holds a PhD from the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), an MA in Conflict Studies from the War Studies Department at King’s College London (KCL) and a Bachelor in Business Studies from Belmont University (USA). Prior to coming to QMUL, she held academic positions at UCL, Anglia Ruskin University and Leicester University. Her work focuses on the nexus of ethics, technology and politics / warfare with a specific emphasis on new and emerging military technologies, including military Artificial Intelligence (AI), autonomous weapon systems, drones and robots.
She is the author of Death Machines: The Ethics of Violent Technologies (Manchester University Press) and her work on military AI and autonomous weapon systems has been widely published in a range of international publications. She is Vice-Chair of the International Committee of Robot Arms Control (ICRAC), an Associate of the Imperial War Museum (IWM) and an RSA Fellow. Elke is also a 2022/23 Centre for Apocalyptic and Post-Apocalyptic Studies (CAPAS) Fellow and 2024 Leverhulme Research Fellow with a project on the politics of apocalyptic AI. She works with a number of civil society organisations and serves on several editorial boards for publications and book series on politics and technology.
Teaching
- POL303 – Technology, Politics, War
Research
Research Interests:
- Ethics
- Military Artificial Intelligence
- Autonomous Weapon Systems
- Digital technologies
- Apocalyptic and Post-Apocalyptic Studies
- War Studies
- Critical Security Studies
- Political Theory
- Philosophy of Technology
- Political Theology
- Posthumanism
Examples of research funding:
- Queen Mary University London, School of Politics and International Relations, Impact Fellowship, 2024/25 (Ethics of military AI)
- Leverhulme Research Fellowship, Project: “The Politics of Apocalyptic AI”, January 2024 – December 2024.
- Fellowship at the University of Heidelberg Center for Apocalyptic and Post-Apocalyptic Studies (CAPAS), Project: ‘Whose Robo-Apocalypse is it Anyways: Power, Politics and Posthumanism’. October 2022 – April 2023
- British Academy/Leverhulme Small Grant Award: ‘Moral agency and meaningful human control: Exploring military ethical values for alignment in the use of autonomous weapons systems – Project duration October 2017 – September 2019.
Publications
Books:
Death Machines: The Ethics of Violent Technologies. Research monograph (Manchester University Press, 2018)
Peer Reviewed Articles and Book Chapters:
2025: ‘Engineering moral failure? The challenges of algorithmic ethics for lethal autonomous weapon systems’, in Bächle, TC and Bareis, J (eds) The Realities of Autonomous Weapons (Bristol University Press)
2025: ‘From blitzkrieg to blitzscaling: Assessing the impact of venture capital dynamics on military norms’, Finance and Society, online first 7 January 2025
2025: ‘The Hacker Way: Moral Decision Logics with Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems’, in Glaser, H. and Wong, P. (eds.) Governing the Future: Digitalization, Artificial Design, Dataism (Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC).
2024: ‘Trolleyology: Algorithmic Ethics for Killer Robots’, in Gunkel, D. (ed) Handbook on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence (Edward Elgar Publishing)
2024: ‘Moral Maze: Ethics for Cyber Weapon Systems’, in Stevens, T. and Devanny, J. (eds) Research Handbook on Cyberwarfare (Edward Elgar Publishing).
2023: “Crimes of Dispassion: Autonomous Weapons and the Moral Challenge of Systematic Killing”, Ethics and International Affairs, 37(3) (co-authored with Neil Renic)
2023: “A Case Study: Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems, a.k.a. ‘Killer Robots’”, in Guillaume, X. and Grayson, K. (eds.) Security Studies: Critical Perspectives E1 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2023)
2023: “Cybernetics at War: Military Artificial Intelligence, Weapon Systems and the De-Skilled Human”, in Gruszczak, A. and Kaempf, S. (eds.) Routledge Handbook of the Future of War (Abingdon: Routledge, 2023).
2022: ‘Pursuing Peace: The Strategic Limits of Drone Warfare” in Intelligence: The Secret World of Spies – An Anthology (Oxford University Press)
2021: ‘Autonomous Weapon Systems, Artificial Intelligence and the Problem of Meaningful Human Control’, Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence, V(1). 2021
2021: ‘Silicon Valley Goes to War: Artificial Intelligence, Weapons Systems and the De-Skilled Moral Agent’, Philosophy Today, Online First May 25th, 2021
2021: ‘Ethics and cyber-systems: Artificial intelligent weapons systems and moral slippage’, in Skerker, M. and Whetham, D. (eds) Cyber Warfare Ethics: A Handbook for Military Professionals (Hampshire: Howgate Publishing Ltd)
2021: ‘Delegating moral responsibility in war: Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems and Meaningful Human Control’, in Hanssen-Magnusen, H. and Vetterlein, A. (eds) The Routledge Handbook on Responsibility in International Relations (London: Routledge)
2019: ‘Günther Anders in Silicon Valley: Artificial Intelligence and Moral Atrophy’, Thesis Eleven, 153(1): 94-112. 2019
2018: ‘Flesh and Steel: antithetical materialities in the war on terror’. Critical Studies on Terrorism 11(2): 394-413. 2018
2018: ‘Technology and moral vacuums in just war theorising', Journal of International Political Theory, 14(3). 2018
2016: ‘Prescription drones: On the techno-biopolitical regime of contemporary ethical killing. Security Dialogue, 47(1): 59-75. 2016
2014: ‘@hannah_arendt: An Arendtian critique of online social networks. Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 43(1): 165-86. 2014
2015 - ‘Hybridity and humility: What of the human in (post)humanity?’ in Eroukhmanoff and Harkers (eds) Reflections on the Posthuman in International Relations: The Anthropocene, Security and Ecology, E-IR Edited Collections
Other recent research publications
2025: ‘On the pitfalls of technophilic reason’ (forum on Kevin Jon Heller’s The concept of “the human” in the critique of autonomous weapons’, Harvard National Security Journal (forthcoming in spring 2025)
2025: ‘On the devastating demise of ethics in war’, Nuffield Collection: Philosophy in Public Life (forthcoming June 2025)
2025: ‘Conjuring the end: Techno-eschatology and the power of prophecy’, OpinioJuris, 30 January 2025
2025: ‘Throwing Caution to the Wind: Unpacking the U.K. AI Opportunities Action Plan’, Just Security, 30 January 2025
2025: ‘The Silicon Valley venture capitalists who want to “move fast and break things” in the defence industry, The Conversation, 16 January 2025
2024: ‘The (Im-)possibility of responsible AI governance’, ICRC Humanitarian Law & Policy Blog, 12 December 2024
2024: ‘On the Transformative Power of AI in International Relations’, RUSI Journal 169(5), 5 November 2024
2024: ‘Beyond Law: Reaffirming the Centrality of Ethics in War’ (co-authored with Neil Renic), Just Security, 7 October 2024
2024: ‘Unicorns for unicorns: On the problematic allure of VC investments in defence’, OpinoJuris, 18 September 2024
2024: ‘Gaza war: Israel using AI to identify human targets raising fears that innocents are being caught in the net’, The Conversation, 12 April 2024
2024: ‘Devalued humanity: The status of human life in nihilistic war’, OpinioJuris March 2024
2023: ‘Inhuman-in-the-loop: AI targeting and the erosion of moral restraint’, OpinioJuris December 2023
2023: ‘Foreword’, in Smith, Joshua K. Violent Tech: A Philosophical and Theological Reflection (Trivent Publishing)
2023: ‘Death and apocalypse in the digital megamachine’, CAPAS: Käte Hamburger Centre for Apocalyptic and Post-Apocalyptic Studies, 16 February 2023, https://doi.org/10.21428/75bc60de.b0266983 (co-authored with Amin Samman, Christine Cornea, Michael Dunn, Teresa Heffernan, Robert Kirsch, and Laura Mendoza)
2022: ‘Killer Robots and the Technological Condition – Commentary on The Terminator 1984’, CAPAS: Käte Hamburger Centre for Apocalyptic and Post-Apocalyptic Studies, 14 November 2022 https://doi.org/10.21428/75bc60de.34d790f7
2022: ‘Human Augmentation and Nuclear Risk: The Value of a Few Seconds’, Arms Control Today (Volume 53, 2022 – co-authored with Dr Marina Favaro)
2021: ‘Menschenzentrierte KI in der Kriegsführung: Ein Wiederspruch?’, in Wissenschaft und Frieden, 4/2021 (forthcoming).
2020: ‘Humanity-centric AI for Armed Conflict: A Contradiction in Terms?’ AI and Machine Learning Symposium, OpinioJuris 30 April 2020.
2020: Book Review: Attachments to War: Biomedical Logics and Violence in 21st Century America, by Jennifer Terry. The Journal of Military History 84(2), 2020.
2020: ‘Silicon Valley zieht in den Krieg: Künstliche Intelligenz und Moralische Verkümmerung’. FifFkon Kommunikation 37(1): 48-51, 2020.
2020: ‘Death Machines: Artificial Intelligence and the Ethics of Autonomous Weapons The Ethical Record Quarterly 125(2): 9-11, 2020.
2019: ‘Sie Kommen. Autonome Waffen und algorithmische Kriegsführung sind auf dem Vormarsch.’ Süddeutsche Zeitung. Feuilleton. Essays on Artificial Intelligence, 14 October, 2019.
2019: ‘No matter how big, data is dumb’. A Special Forum: Big Data and the rise of the digital in international governance. In Essays and Provocations, Big Data & Society Blog, 26 January 2019.
2018: ‘The (im)possibility of meaningful human control for autonomous weapons systems’, International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) Humanitarian Law & Policy Blog, August 29, 2018.
2018: ‘If AI is the answer, what is the question?’ contribution to LSE Ideas Forum ‘Crisis of Global Politics: Perspectives from Continental Philosophy’. Report
2017: 'Pursuing Peace: The strategic limits of drone warfare'. An INS special forum: Intelligence and drones. Intelligence and National Security 32(4): 422-425. 2017.
2016: All means, no end? Economies of life management. Forum on Patricia Owen’s book Economies of Force. The Disorder of Things, 7 January 216
Supervision
Current PhD supervisees:
- Nika Mahnic
- Nawaf Alessa
Topics:
- Ethics
- Military Artificial Intelligence
- Autonomous Weapon Systems
- Digital technologies
- Apocalyptic and Post-Apocalyptic Studies
- War Studies
- Critical Security Studies
- Political Theory
- Philosophy of Technology
- Posthumanism
- Art and politics
Public Engagement
I currently am Vice-Chair for the International Committee for Robot Arms Control (ICRAC) and an Associate of the Imperial War Museum (IWM). I have worked with (and continue to work with) a number of NGOs and think tanks, including: the ICRC, PAX Netherlands, Drone Wars UK, Airwars, Stop Killer Robots Campaign, Humanitarian Dialogue, The Alan Turing Institute, Chatham House, RUSI, HCSS, IPPNW, CND, Informatiker für Frieden, EU Cyber Direct, and others.